​华为通信电源基础知识介绍

华为通信电源基础知识介绍主要内容：

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1通信电源系统概述2基站电源及接地系统介绍电源机房工艺要求简介3主要内容：1通信电源系统概述2基站电源及接地系统介绍电源机房工艺要求简介3通信电源系统概述 一、通信电源包括三个系统： 1、交流电源系统：变配电设备、备用发电机设备、UPS设备等。 2、直流电源系统：整流器、蓄电池、直流配电屏等。 3、接地系统：工作接地、保护接地、防雷接地。通信电源系统概述通信电源系统概述 二、通信电源电压种类： 1. -48V 绝大多数通信设备（交换设备、基站设备、传输设备等），是标准电压。 2. +24V 部分地区的基站设备，属于淘汰种类。 3. +12V 部分地区的VAST设备，属于个别情况。 4. -220V 计算机、服务器等，是标准电压。通信电源系统概述 三、通信设备对电源的要求： 1、高可靠性。必须保证连续供电，不能有任何的中断。 2、高稳定性。通信设备都有一定的电压变化范围，不能超出。另外，通信设备对电压波动、杂音电压、瞬变电压等非常敏感。 3、高效率。效率高意味着热损耗低，功率密度大。有利于节能、减小站地面积、减少其它方面的投资。通信电源系统概述 四、电源设备配置原则 1、邮电通信用交流电源一般采用市电。 2、当市电发生异常情况时，仍能保证可靠供电，应配置油机发电机为备用交流电源。 3、要求无瞬间停电的直流电源时，应设置蓄电池组。 4、要求无瞬间停电的交流电源时，宜设置交流不间断电源设备(UPS)。 5、电源设备的容量和数量配置应符合有关的行业标准。通信电源系统概述 五、接地系统 1、工作接地：是因为工作的需要而设置的接地装置。分直流工作接地和交流工作接地。 直流工作接地—为了保证通信质量，防止各种干扰，规定直流电源一极必须接地。 交流工作接地—在380v交流配电系统中，为了避免三相电压不平衡而造成某相电压过高，进而造成设备损坏，低压系统中性线必须接地。通信电源系统概述 五、接地系统 2、保护接地：各种电源设备或金属机架、机壳接地，称为保护接地。 3、防雷接地：为避免雷击使电源设备和通信设备遭受损失，在通信电源系统中，都设有避雷器及避雷接地装置。主要内容：1通信电源系统概述2基站电源及接地系统介绍电源机房工艺要求简介3组合开关电源通信设备蓄电池组基站电源及接地系统介绍 一、基站直流电源系统 市电交流挂箱基站电源及接地系统介绍 二、基站电源设备 1、交流配电箱 定义：集中安装交流开关、仪表等设备的成套装置。 配置：交流配电箱容量由机房内所有用电负荷决定，并应考虑远期负荷发展。 交流配电箱容量大小为： P总＝ P工艺＋ P照明＋ P空调基站电源及接地系统介绍 二、基站电源设备 2、开关电源 定义：开关电源就是是利用现代电力技术，控制开关晶体管开通和关断的时间比率，维持稳定输出电压的一种电源。 配置：组合开关电源模块可按近期负荷配置，但满架容量应考虑远期负荷发展。高频开关型整流器，应按N+1冗余方式配置，其中N只为主用，N小于或等于10时，1只备用；N大于10时，每10只备用1只。主用整流器的总容量应按负荷电流和电池的均充电流之和确定。 基站电源及接地系统介绍 二、基站电源设备 3、蓄电池组 定义：将化学能与电能互相转换的有效装置。 配置：蓄电池组容量按如下公式计算： Q＝KIT/(η(1+q(t-25))) 式中：Q－－蓄电池组容量； K－－安全系数，取1.25 T－－放电小时数； η－－放电容量系数，见下表； 基站电源及接地系统介绍 二、基站电源设备 3、蓄电池组 配置：蓄电池组容量按如下公式计算： Q＝KIT/(η(1+q(t-25))) 式中：q－－电池温度系数(1/ ℃) 当放电小时率≥10时，取0.006， 当1≦放电小时率﹤ 10时，取0.008， 当放电小时率﹤ 1 时，取0.01。 t －－实际电池所在地最低环境温度，所在地有采暖设备时，按15℃考虑，无采暖设备时，按5℃考虑。基站电源及接地系统介绍 二、基站电源设备 3、蓄电池组 基站电源及接地系统介绍 二、基站电源设备 4、UPS设备 UPS电源(UninterruptiblePowerSystem)，是一种含有储能装置，以逆变器为主要元件，稳压稳频输出的电源保护设备。主要由整流器、蓄电池、逆变器和静态开关等几部分组成。基站电源及接地系统介绍 二、基站电源设备 4、UPS设备 1)整流器：整流器是一个整流装置，简单的说就是将交流（AC）转化为直流（DC）的装置。它有两个主要功能：第一，将交流电（AC）变成直流电(DC)，经滤波后供给负载，或者供给逆变器；第二，给蓄电池提供充电电压。因此，它同时又起到一个充电器的作用。 基站电源及接地系统介绍 二、基站电源设备 4、UPS设备 2)蓄电池：蓄电池是UPS用来作

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Huawei communication power supply basic knowledge introduction main contents: 1 overview of communication power supply system 2 introduction of base station power supply and grounding system process requirements of power room 3 main contents: 1 overview of communication power supply system 2 introduction of base station power supply and grounding system process requirements of power room 3 overview of communication power supply system 1. Communication power supply includes three systems: 1. AC power system: power transformation and distribution equipment, standby generator equipment, UPS equipment, etc. 2. DC power system: rectifier, battery, DC distribution panel, etc. 3. Grounding system: work grounding, protection grounding, lightning protection grounding. Overview of communication power supply system overview of communication power supply system II. Types of communication power supply voltage: 1. Most of the communication equipment (switching equipment, base station equipment, transmission equipment, etc.) of - 48V are standard voltage. 2. The base station equipment in + 24V part of the area belongs to the eliminated type. 3. The vast equipment in + 12V part of the area is an individual case. 4. - 220V computer, server, etc., is the standard voltage. Communication power supply system overview III. requirements of communication equipment for power supply: 1. High reliability. Continuous power supply must be ensured without any interruption. 2. High stability. Communication equipment has a certain range of voltage variation, which cannot be exceeded. In addition, communication equipment is very sensitive to voltage fluctuation, noise voltage and transient voltage. 3. High efficiency. High efficiency means low heat loss and high power density. It is conducive to energy saving, reducing the area of the station and other investment. Communication power supply system overview IV. power supply equipment configuration principle 1. The AC power supply for post and Telecommunications generally adopts the municipal power supply. 2. In case of abnormal condition of mains power supply, reliable power supply can still be ensured. Oil engine generator shall be configured as standby AC power supply. 3. When the DC power supply without instantaneous power failure is required, the battery set shall be set. 4. When AC power supply without instantaneous power failure is required, UPS should be set. 5. The capacity and quantity configuration of power supply equipment shall conform to relevant industry standards. Communication power supply system overview 5. Grounding system 1. Working grounding: grounding device set up for working needs. It is divided into DC working grounding and AC working grounding. DC working grounding - in order to ensure communication quality and prevent various interferences, it is required that one pole of DC power supply must be grounded. AC working grounding - in 380V AC distribution system, in order to avoid the unbalance of three-phase voltage, which may lead to the high voltage of one phase and the damage of equipment, the neutral line of low-voltage system must be grounded. Communication power supply system overview v. grounding system 2. Protective grounding: grounding of various power equipment or metal frame and shell, which is called protective grounding. 3. Lightning protection and grounding: in order to avoid the loss of power equipment and communication equipment caused by lightning stroke, lightning arresters and lightning protection grounding devices are set in the communication power system. Main contents: 1. Overview of communication power supply system 2. Introduction of base station power supply and grounding system 3. Introduction of base station power supply and grounding system of battery group of combined switch power communication equipment 1. Introduction of base station DC power supply system, municipal power AC hanging box, base station power supply and grounding system 2. Introduction of base station power supply equipment 1. AC distribution box Definition: a complete set of equipment for centralized installation of AC switch, instrument, etc. Configuration: the capacity of AC distribution box is determined by all electrical loads in the machine room, and the long-term load development shall be considered. The capacity of AC distribution box is: P total = P process + P lighting + P air conditioning base station power supply and grounding system introduction two. Base station power supply 2. Switching power supply definition: switching power supply is a kind of power supply that uses modern power technology to control the time ratio of switching transistor on and off and maintain stable output voltage. Configuration: the combined switching power module can be configured according to the short-term load, but the long-term load development shall be considered for the full rack capacity. High frequency switch type rectifier shall be configured in N + 1 redundancy mode, in which n is for main use only, when n is less than or equal to 10, one is for standby; when n is greater than 10, one is for standby. The total capacity of the main rectifier shall be determined by the sum of the load current and the average charging current of the battery. Base station power supply and grounding system II. Base station power supply equipment 3. Definition of storage battery: an effective device for converting chemical energy and electric energy. Configuration: the battery capacity is calculated according to the following formula: q = Kit / (η (1 + Q (t-25)))): Q - battery capacity; K - safety factor, taking 1.25t - discharge hours; η - discharge capacity factor, see the table below; introduction to base station power supply and grounding system II. Base station power supply equipment 3. Battery configuration: the battery capacity is calculated according to the following formula: Q = Kit / (η (1 + Q (t-25))): Q - cell temperature coefficient (1 / ℃): when the hourly rate of discharge is ≥ 10, take 0.006; when the hourly rate of discharge is ≤ 1, take 0.008; when the hourly rate of discharge is < 1, take 0.01. T - the lowest ambient temperature of the actual battery location. If there is heating equipment in the location, 15 ℃ shall be considered. If there is no heating equipment, 5 ℃ shall be considered. Base station power supply and grounding system introduction II. Base station power supply equipment 3. Battery base station power supply and grounding system introduction II. Base station power supply equipment 4. UPS (uninterruptible power system) is a power protection equipment with energy storage device, inverter as the main component, stable voltage and frequency output. It is mainly composed of rectifier, battery, inverter and static switch. Base station power supply and grounding system introduction II. Base station power supply equipment 4. UPS equipment 1) rectifier: rectifier is a rectifier device, which is simply to convert AC to DC